Machine for manufacturing justified-line matrices.



PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904. F. A. JOHNSON. MAGHINEFOR MANUFACTURING JUSTIPIED LINE MATRICES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 24, 189B,

13 SHEBTBBHEET 1.

NO MODEL. I

PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904,

- P. A. JOHNSON.

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING JUSTIPIED LINE MATRICES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 24, 1899.

13 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

iro MODEL.

PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904.

F. A. JOHNSON.

MACHINE FOR- MANUPAGTURING JUSTIFIED LINE MATRICES.

13 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

" IIII PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904.

P. A. JOHNSON.

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING JUSTIFIED LINE MATRICES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 24, 1899.

1'3 SHEETSSHILBT 4..

N0 MODEL.

4w Nikki \Rw mi in 2 i l 1; an

A Wiizzssses- PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904.

P. A. JOHNSON. MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING JUSTIPIED LINE MATRICES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 24, 1899.

13 SHEETSSHEET 5.

no MODEL.

2 S i I N a RN .RFH wwwf \3 Q3 9m \w\\ QR 5: w 2 n RN a I T M1,; 5% \NW .QQMJ g a 1 @Q m MWI NNQ k 5. 1.. [H1 NH PW 1 1H0 Iii n lm ff w Ml HH I MM WHHMP I. M M E \w 7 PATBN'TED SEPT. 6, 1904.

F. A. JOHNSON.

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING JUSTIFIED LINE MATRICES.

APPLICATION FILED 0011. 24, 1999. N0 MODEL. 13 BHEETS-SHEET e.

No. 769,168. V PATENTED SEPT. s, 1904, Y F. A. JOHNSON. I MACHINE FOR MANUFAOTURING JUSTIPIED LINE MATRICES.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 24, 1899.

H0 MODEL. 13 SHEETS- 8KB '1.

V ii ill J03 I i fff I z 2 3 11111 ii j l 111 T r [if/Z2172, Dr:

I 4% V I PATENTED SEPT. s, 1904.

' F. A. JOHNSON. MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING JUSTIFIED LINE MATRIGES.

APPLICATION III-ED OOTQ24, 1899.

13 slums-1mm a.

N0 MODEL.

PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904.

I. A. ,JOHNSON MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING JUSTIPIED LINE MATRICES.

no MODEL:

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 24, 1899.

13 SHEETS-SHEET 9 a a a a N h In ad -33 Q3 gw 2 M. $1 3 8w 5 E 3 7 av Q 11% g 3N w No. 769,168. PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904. P. A. JOHNSON.

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING JUSTIFIED LINE MATRICES.

APPL IOATION FILED OUT. 24, 1899.

N0 MODEL. 13 SHEETS-SHEET .10.

Fig-.15, 67 7 PATENTED SEPTL'G, 1904;

F. A. JOHNSON.

MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING JUSTIFIED LINE MATRICES.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 24, 1899.

13 SHEETSSHEET l1.

H0 MODEL.

PATENTBD SEPT. 6, 1904.

1a BHEETS- flHBET 12.

F. A. JOHNSON.

MACHINE ,FOR MANUFACTURING JUSTIFIED LINE MATRICES. APPLIOATIOI Hum 001. 24, 1899. N0 MODYEL.

HILIIIIIL A A: v A

ML SJZM iZZW I No. 769,168. I PATENTED SEPT. e, 1904."

' F. A. JOHNSON. MACHINE FOR MANUFACTURING JUSTIPIED LINE MATRICES.

NO MODEL.

APPLICATION IILED OUT. 24, 1899.

13 SHEETS-8HEET 13.

FRANK Patented September-6, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

AMOS JOHNSON, OF NEW BEDFORD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR,

BY .MESNE 'ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE UNITYPE COMPANY, OF BIANCHES- TER, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

MACHINE FO MANUFACTURING JUSTIFIED-LINE ivlATslcEs.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 769,168, dated September 6, 1904.

Application filed October 24:, 1899. Serial No. 734,645. (No model.) i

To all whom t it may concern:

Be it'known that I, FRANK AMOS JOHNSON,

a citizen of-the United States, residing at New Bedford, in the county of Bristol and State of 5 hlassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Machines for IManufacturing Justified-Line lVIatrices, of which the followingis a specification.

The present invention 1s a machine for to manufacturing justified-line matrices from which linotype bars-or slugs may be cast in any suitable casting apparatus.

The machine is provided with a magazine for'blank strips of matrix material consider- '15 ably longer than the justified lines to be produced. The material may be of any character Suitable for receiving impressions of typeles described in Letters Patent No. 478,333, dated 2 July 5, 1892. The matrix-strips are ejected successively from the magazine and moved by suitable feeding devices through the impression mechanism. Thefeeding devices move the strip variably according to the 2 widths of the several letters impressed, and

the impressions are made in the strip in response to the keys of a keyboard, the machine being operated like an ordinary typewriter. The spaces between words in the 3 unjustified strip are at least as large as the maximum space allowable between words in a justified line. The impressions start at a uniform distance from the forward end of the strip, and the unused portion of the strip is cut off at a uniform distance in the rear of the last impression. The strips thus formed will vary in length according to the amount of matter and the number of word-spaces in a line, and it remains to justify 4 the strips by cutting out portions between the words sufficient in the aggregate to reduce the strip to the desired length. These portions are out out, as shown in the present .embodiment of the invention, by two reciprocating knives, one of which is adjustable with reference to the other, the adjustment being effected by the justifying mechanism proper.

such, for instance, as that shown and .line.

into a separate holder.

The justifying mechanism comprises a device for counting the words as the word-space key' is operated and a device for measuring the unjustified strip. The word-counting device selects a justifyinglever. corresponding to the number of wordspaces in a line, and movement is imparted to said lever by the measuring devices, the said movement hear- .ing a certain relation to the length of the unjustified line.

operates certain connections to the carrier for the adjustable justifying-knife, setting said knife in proper relation to the non-adjustable knife, so that the distance between the knife-edges will equal the amount to be cut out of each word-space. The unjustified strip is then moved; intermittently past the knives, each word-space being stopped in position to have a piece cut from it. The knives are brought into action as each word-space reaches them by a suitable trigger, which is operated by notches cut in the strip to in dicate the location of word-spaces. The said notches are formed in response to the word-space key as the strip is passing the matrix devices. The severed words of a strip will in the aggregate just form a justified These words are driven forward into a line-holder after leaving the cutting mechanism.. The words of each line are-.swaged The assembled words in a line-holder form a perfect line-matrix from which a linotype-slug may be cast.-

The holders of course may be used repeatedly, the matrix material being separated from them after casting the linotype-slugs.

The operation of the entire machine is antomatic. The impression devices are controlled by a keyboard similar to the keyboard of a type-writer. A shift-key is used for bringingthe small letters, caps, and'figures into action, as may be desired. A space-key is provided for the word-spaces, and a line-key is providedfor starting the. justifying devices when sufiicient matter has been impressed in the strip to form a line. The impression and feeding devices are operated by an escape-shaft which makes one revolution The selected justifying-lever Fig. 2.

for each letter, the measuring and justifying devices proper are operated by a movementshaft which makes one revolution for each line, and the cutting devices are operated from a constantly-running shaft and at such speed that the impressed line is justified more rapidly than the succeeding line can be impressed. The keyboard can therefore be operated continuously, the only delay necessary between lines being the time required to touch the line-key.

An embodiment of the invention will now be described in detail, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a front elevation of the righthand portion of the machine. elevation of the same, part of the base being broken away. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the left end, partly in section, on the line 3 of Fig. 4 is a horizontal section of the entire machine on the line 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a similar view of the right-hand portion of the machine, taken on the line 5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a vertical section on the line 6 of Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a detail of the escape-shaft clutch. Fig. 8 is a section on line 8 of Fig. 1. Fig. 9 is a partial section on the line 9 of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a section on the line 10 of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a skeleton plan view showing the die-shifting mechanism, counting and measuring racks, and other movable parts of the machine. Fig. 12 is a skeleton view showing a number of movable parts in front elevation. Fig. 13 shows in detail part of the die-centering and variable-feed devices. Fig. 14 is a sectional view showing the knives or chisels for removing portions of the matrixstrip between words. Fig. 15 is a front elevation of the left end of the machine, partly in section, on the line 15 of Fig. 18. Fig. 16 is a detail of the matrix-assembling mechanism viewed .from the line 17 of Fig. 15. Fig. 17 is a left end elevation, partly in section, on the line 17 of Figs. 5 and 15. Fig. 18 is a section on the line 17 of Figs. 5 and 15 looking to the left, and Fig. 19 is a view looking toward the line 19 of Fig. 18.

' The various operating parts of the machine are mounted on a suitable framework. As

shown, this consists of a base 30, a longitudinal bracket 31, and a cap-piece or bracket 32. The mechanism is driven by a powershaft 40, on which is a continuously-rotating pulley 41, having a clutch member 42, adapted to engage with a second clutch member 43, which slides upon and turns with the shaft. The clutch member 43 is controlled by a yoke 44, slide 45, and lever 46. The machine can be stopped and started by moving the lever 46, Figs. 15 and 18. The several auxiliary shafts will be mentioned in connection with the devices which they operate.

Die-centering me0/Lcmism.Thc dies are connected to a die-plate 51, having shanks 52, which extend through said die plate, and

Fig. 2 is a rear springs 53, surrounding the shanks,which normally hold the dies in their elevated positions. The upper ends of the shanks are preferably tapered to fit a corresponding recess in the impression-plunger 54. The die-plate is detachably connected at with a rack 56, by means .of which it is moved to the right and left, or longitudinally, Figs. 1, 11, and 12. The rack 56 is reciprocated by means of pinion 57, rack 58, pinions 59 and 60, and vertical rack 61, to which movement is imparted in a manner to be presently described.

The die-plate is divided into several sections or groups, each containing a set of dies of different style or character. For instance, the die plate shown in Fig. 11 contains three groups of dies, each group being composed of five rows of seven dies, or thirty-five dies. The middle group may, for instance, be small letters, the left-hand group capitals, and the right-hand group figures and punctuationmarks. Any group of dies can be thrown into action instantly, and when in action the groups are all operated alike and automatically by the -diecentering mechanism. Fig. 12 shows the impression-plunger 54 and the central die of each of the three groups. The group-shifting mechanism is operated by the slide or shift bar 62, having ahandle 63, Figs. 5, 11, and 12. Slide 62 is connected to rack 56 through the medium of pinion 64, shaft 65, pinion 66, cut on the upper end of said shaft, and rack 67, which carries the pinion 57, in mesh with rack 58. It will be evident that if the slide 62 be moved forward or back ward while the rack 58 is stationary it will have the efl'ect of shifting the rack 56 and the die-plate 51. On the other hand, when the slide 62 is stationary the die plate will be shifted longitudinally by means of the vertical rack 61, as heretofore described. The slide or shift bar 62 has three notches 68 cut 'in it for a purpose to be presently explained.

The die-plate is moved laterally by reason of engagement with the rack 69, upon which it is free to move longitudinally. Rack 69 and the plate are interlocked at 70, as shown in Figs. 3, 6, and 11. The rack 69 is reciprocated by vertical rack 71, pinion 72, rockshaft 73, and pinion 74. The middle die of each group normally stands at the impressionpoint under the plunger when the group is rendered operative, byfthe shift-bar 62. Any other die of a group may be brought to the impression-point by movement of the dieplate laterally or longitudinally, or both ways simultaneously. The shifting of the die-plate is controlled from the keyboard and eifected by mechanism which will now be described. Vertical racks 61 71 are provided with wide portions in which are formed transverse slotsv 75, Fig. 13. Opposite these slots are two rocking pin-carriers 76 77, each having a number of pins 78, adapted to be projected into the slots and to operate as crank-pins IIO to raise or lower the racks 61 7l, -Figs. 5, 6, and 13. The pins are arranged symmetrically on opposite sides of the pin-carriers, and

their number depends upon the number of rows of dies in each group of the die-carrier,

the number of pins being one less than the number of dies in a row. Thus the pin-can rier 77 has six pins for selecting-dies from the rows of seven, and the pin-carrier 76 has four pins for selecting dies from the rows of five, the middle rows of a group requiring no corresponding pins in the pin-carriers. The pin-carriers are in the form of gears which intermesh, and they are rocked a quarter of a revolution for each die selected 'by means of a rack 79, Figs. 6 and 12, link 80, two-part lever 81 82, connecting-rod 83, and crank-pin 84: on the end of the escape-shaft 85, Figs. 5 and 12.

The escape shaft 85 makes one revolution each time a key of the key-lever is depressed. In line with the escape-shaft is a runningshaft 86, driven by a sheave 87, cord 88, sheave 89, shaft 90, pinion 91, and bevel-gear 92 on the power-shaft 40, Fig. 4. On the forward end of the shaft. 86 is a clutch-disk 93, having teeth on its forward face. Pivoted in the end of the escapeeshaft 85 is a pawllever 94, one end of which constantly tends under pressure .of a spring to engage the teeth of the clutch -disk, Figs. 5and 7. In the path of the opposite end of the. pawl is a cam 95 on an elbow-lever 96, which is pivot-- ed at 97. hen the lever 96 is in the position shown in Fig. 7, the pawl 94 is out of engagement with the clutch disk 93, its tail. end resting on the raised end of the cam 95.

The escape shaft is stopped in this position accurately by an arm 98, fixed on said shaft, 1

which engages the stop projection 99 on lever 96. hen the lever 96 is rocked by rais ing its horizontal arm 100, the arm 98 is released from stop 99 and at the same vtime pawl-lever 94: is released from cam 95. spring (not shown) immediately throws the pawl into engagement with. the clutch-disk and the escape-shaft makes a revolution. The

arm 100 of lever 96 is raised by means of a pivoted depending leg 101, thevfoot of which normally stands over a slide :or bolt.102, to be referred to hereinafter. Part101 is drawn toward the escape-shaft by means of a spring 103.. The leg 101 is normally held over the:

.ing-surfaces113 of the slides. dent that the bearingsurfaces of any slide 'may be so' located that any-degree of rotakey.

-makes a revolution, and the die corresponding to the selected pins which have been driven into the slots 7 5 is brought to the impression-point and then returned to its noron the part'82. This construction is clearly shown in Fig. 12.

The pins of. the pincarriers, and consequently the dies, are selected by means of a keyboard A and connections, which will now be described. Keys 106 are mounted on stems 107, the lower ends of which are connected to key-leverslOS,which have their fulcrums 109 "in a channeled block 110. The ,inner'ends of the key-levers engage pins 111 5 on slides 112, the upper ends of which have bearings or shoulders 113-at various heights. Above the plates 1'12'are tw'orock-shafts 114E, Figs. 5, 6,- and13. On the front and rear sides of these rock shafts are-ribs or wings 115, having their edges located over the bear- It will be evinectedto blocks 118, which slide upon a guide 119 ion a frame .120. The guide 119 is parallel with the normal or horizontal position of the pins inthe pin-carriers, and the blocks 118 carry pins 121, which are adapted to be placed in alinementwith -the pinsinthe pincarriers. By properly shaping the bearingsurface of its slide 112 any .key may be adapt- :BCl to place the interponent pins 121 opposite :two .pins in the pin-carriers, which will effect the'selection of a die corresponding to the The frame 120 comprises two bars 122,

ITO

which slide in openings in the'plate in which the pin-carriers are mounted, These bars are 1 connected to the. left-side of t'hepin-carriers pins of the pin-carrier after they have performed their work, Figs. 5 and 12. The frame is reciprocated bym'eans of aconnecting-rod 125, cam-lever 126, and a'suitable cam on the escape-shaft 85, Figs. 5 and 12. The frame 120 is provided with a finger 127,

which is adapted Ito fit accurately within any one of the recesses 68 in the shift-bar.

This finger serves to lock the sh'iftbar and its connected parts while: the pin-carriers are being rocked to prevent thet rack..58' from shifting the rack 67, upon whiclrthe pinion 57 is mounted.

The slide or bolt 102, which starts the escape-shaft, Figs. 4:, 6, and 7, is operated by an elbow-lever 128, link 129, arm 130, rockshaft 131, and arms 132, carrying a universal bar 133, which stands over projections 134 on the slides 112. The universalbar is raised each time any key of the keyboard is depressed, and hence the escape-shaft makes one revolution each time a key is operated.

The operation of the mechanism thus far described will now be briefly recapitulated. Assuming that the shift-bar is set forsmall letters, which occur in the middle group of the keyboard, a capital letter may be obtained by pushing in the shift-bar and a figure or punctuation-mark by pulling it out, or vice versa. By means of the shift-bar each key of the keyboard is made to select any one of three characters, all of which may be indicated on the key, as is customary in some type writers. The depression of a key serves to locate the interponents opposite the proper selecting-pins in the pincarriers. Immediately thereafter the escape-shaft is set in motion and made to move the interponents against the selected pins, driving said pins into the slots in the racks 61 71. A further movement of the escape-shaft rocks the pin-carriers through an are, which is preferably ninety degrees, each of the racks 61 71 being thereby either raised or lowered, depending on the pin selected to move it. The desired die is thus brought to the impression-point, and it 'remains there while the plunger descends and rises, owing to the lost motion in the levers 81 82. The pin-carriers are then rocked to their normal positions and the interponent frame moved to the left, the levers 124: restoring the operative pins to their normal position. All of these movements take place very quickly, and immediately after the completion of one rotation of the escape-shaft the next character may be selected and the various movements repeated.v r

The impression-plunger 64 is adjustable in length by means of a screw and-locknut, as shown in Fig. 12. It is reciprocated by means of toggle-link 135, toggle-arm 136, rock-shaft 137, arm 138, link 139, and cam-lever 1&0,

said cam-lever having two rolls 1 11 and 1 12 bearing on a suitable cam 143 on the escapeshaft, Figs. 1, 2, 5, 6, and 12.

ZVfatMw-feeding clem'ces.-The matrix ma. terial is preferably supplied to the machine in the form of flat strips, each considerably longer than a justified line. These strips are stored in a magazine 150, Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 11'. In line with the bottom of the magazine is a channel or runway 151, through which the strips are moved edgewise from the magazine to the feeding devices proper, as shown clearly in Fig. 3. At each rotation of the line-shaft the bottom strip is shifted from the from the ratchet-wheel.

magazine by the forward movement of an ejecting-blade 152,which movement is accomplished by means of racks 153, pinions 15 1, rock-shaft 155, pinions 156, rack.157, pinion 158, and vertical rack 159, said rack being reciprocated by a cam-lever 160, havinga roll 161, which rests on cam 162 of the line-shaft L. Turning freely on the line-shaft L is a constantly running gear 163, Fig. 4:, on one face of which are a series of teeth 16 1. Pivoted in the end of the line-shaft is a pawl 165, Figs. 1 and 15, one end of which under pressure of a spring (not shown) tends toengage teeth 16A,.but is normally held out of engagement by a cam-arm 166, mounted on starting-shaft S. After a line of characters is impressed in the matrix material the starting-lever is rocked by mechanism to bedescribed hereinafter and the cam-arm 166 raised. The pawl 165 being thus freed engages the running-gear 163, and the shaft L is carried around for a complete revolution. Before the revolution is complete the arm 166 is dropped, and the tail end of the pawl 165 engages the cam-arm, withdrawing the pawl The line-shaft then remains stationary until the succeeding line of impressions is finished. At each revolution of the line-shaft one strip of matrix material is ejected by the plunger 152. The strip is delivered by said plunger to a straightening device comprising a rigid bar or anvil 167 and a movable bar 168. The movable bar rests on pins 169, which in turn pass through the bottom of a box 170 and rest on a crosshead 171, which is carried by a plunger 172, connected to an eccentric-strap 173, surrounding the line-shaft L. These devices render the strip perfectly straight and ready to receive the impressions of the dies.

The plunger 152 moves the series of strips through the channel 151, bringing the foremost strip into alinement with. the impression-plunger and into the path of the initial forwarding device, which moves the strip into engagement with the variable-feed devices. This initial forwarding device comprises a rack 174:, having a head 175, which engages the end of the matrix-strip, Figs. 1, 3, 4:, 11, and 12. The rack 174: is driven by means of gear 176, pinion 177, vertical rack 178, link 179, and cam-lever 180, having a roll 181 bearing on the under side of cam 182 on the line-shaft, said roll being held in engagement with said cam by a spring 183. In Fig. 12 a strip of the matrix material an is shown in the position to which it was delivered by the rack 17 t. -The forward end of the strip rests upon a slotted anvil 184E, directly beneath the impression-plunger 54. Above the anvil 184i is aguide 185. to accurately aline and center the dies. The initial movement of the matrix-strip is limited by a verticallymovable stop 2&7, Figs. 5, 6, and 12, which is raised and lowered at proper intervals by a lever 24:8, pivoted at 249 and operated by a slide 250, which rests on a cam formed in line-shaft L. The stop 247 insures the first characterof the line drawn and the further movements of the matr'ix-strip are imparted by the variablefeed devices, which will now be described. The matrix-strip passes between the upper jaw 186 and the lower jaw 187 of a frictionfeed device. The part 187 slides in a hanger 188, and it is operated by an arm 189 on a rock-shaft 190. rock-shaft carries a roll 192, which is springpressed against a cam 193 on the escape-shaft The upper jaw 186 is said rock-shaft. is raised and lowered by a bolt 199, which bears upon one of the cams of the escape-shaft. The lever 194ismounted in the hanger 188, and when the link 195 is raised the jaw 186 is brought down so as to grip the matrix material. When the material is thus gripped, the pivotal point between the arm 196 and link 195 is in line with the shaft 190 and said shaft may be rocked without disturbing the relation between the jaws 186 and 187. Shaft 190 is rocked to feed the matrix material for each letter and the word-spaces by the cam 193 above described.

It is necessary that the matrix-feed should be variable, differing with the widths of the characters selected. The variable feed is obtained by means of devices now to be described. On the Vertical flange or plate 200 on shift-bar 62 are three groups of stop-pins 201, Figs. 5, 12, and 13. The three groups of stop-pins correspond in relative location to the groups of dies in the die-carrier, and the number and arrangement of the stop-pins correspond to the number and arrangement of the dies in the respective groups. The several pins vary in length corresponding to the widths of their respective letters. A stopplunger 202 is located to the right of the stoppins 201 and carried by vertical and horizontal slides 203 204, respectively, the slides having slots through which the plunger passes.

These slides are suitably guided in a box or frame 205. The vertical slide is adjusted each time a key is depressed by means of an arm 206 on the rear rock-shaft 114, and the horizontal slide is similarly adjusted. by an arm 207 on the front rock-shaft 114. It will be evident that the stop-plunger is located by these means similarly to the manner of locating adie beneath the impression-point. The stop-plunger is normally retracted by a spring 208, so to clear the pins during its adjust-- ment.

Connected to an arm 209 on the shaft 190 A second arm 191 on said i by a link 210, Figs. 5 and 12, is a slide 211,

having on the left end a rectangular plate 212 of such dimensions thatit will engage the stop' plunger 202 in any of its positions.

The operation of the variable-feed devices is asfollows: As a die is brought to theimpression-point the stop-plunger 202 is simultaneously located opposite the stoppin,- which is adapted to regulate its matrix-feed. The escape-shaft is simultaneously released'and the'shaft 190 rocked, a spring (not shown) drawing the slide 211 to the left until it is stopped by the stop-plunger and stop-pin. This movement of the rock-shaft 190'carries the matrix-clamp 186 187 to the right a distance equal to the feed required 'by the selected letter. A further movement of the escape-shaft rocks shaft 197 and causes the clamp to grip the matrix-strip. While the matrix is so gripped the clanips move to the left, feeding the strip the proper distance for the letter selected. For each character and word-space the clamp is loosened, moved back, closed to,grip the material, and moved forward the proper distance. i

It is'sometimes necessary to insert blank sition. five widths of spaces in addition to the maximum space previously referred to. To accomplish this, I'provide special space-keys 251, here shown arranged in the rear of the keyboard. The stems of these space-keys operate levers 252, the rear ends of which are connected to stop-plungers 253, located directly under the slide 211, Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 12. On the under-side of the slide 211 are a series of projections 254, which are adapted to be enated does not select a character, and the impression-plunger therefore strikes the central portion of the die-plate.

Registering cZeoices.One edge of the matrix material as it passes under the impression- 'pl unger rests on a knurled wheel 213 and turns said wheel in proportion to. the matrix-feed. The wheel 213 is fast on a register-shaft 214, having on its forward end a pinion 215, Figs. 1, 6, 11, and 12, which operates the unit-register rack 216. This rack carries a pointer which indicates its movement on a unit-reg isterscale 217. The scale 217 of the unitregisteris carried by aword-register rack 218, which registers the number of word-spaces on a scale 219, Figs. 1, 6, and 12. Each time the word-space key is operated. the matrix material is fed forward adistance equal to a maximum word-space and considerably in excess of a normal word-space. the exact amount of matter in the line, it is necessary that the unit-register scale should indicate normal word-spaces, and to effect this while the unit-register rack is moved a maximum space the word-space rack and the attached unit-scale are moved an amount equal to the difference between a maximum space and a normal space. The relative movement, therefore, between the unit-rack and its scale is equal to a normal space each time the Wordspace key is operated. The unit-register rack is returned to its starting-point after each line by a cord 220, to which a light weight 220 is attached. The word-space-counting rack is returned to its left-hand or initial position by pinion 221 and a suitable spring 222, Figs. 11 and 12. The space-counting rack is moved to the right by a pawl 223, carried by an elbowlever 224. On the lower arm of said elbowlever is a pendent piece 225. The elbow-lever 224 is carried on a rock-shaft 226. A rockshaft 227, Figs. 5 and 12, has on its rear end an arm 228, resting on a cam located near the forward end of the escape-shaft. On the forward end of the shaft 227 is an arm 229, which carries a pawl 230, which normally plays idly up and down at one side of the leg 225. The pawl 230 is connected by a link 231 to an arm 232 on the forward-end of a rockshaft 233, and on the rear end of said rockshaft is an arm 234. The arm 234 extends downward near the path of the bar 119, Figs. 5, 6, and 13, and each time a space-key is operated an interponent 234*, sliding on said bar, is made to register with said arm and rock the same. The spacecounting rack is provided v with a holding-pawl 240, and at the proper time to return said rack said holding-pawl is raised by a tripping-rod 241, which is connected to an eccentric-pin 242 on the end of the transverse shaft 243, which is rocked by the pinion 158, previously referred to, Figs. 1, 8, 11, and 12. a

On the rear end of the shaft 226, Fig. 6, is

an eccentric-pin 244, upon which rests a gouge or chisel 245, which is raised to cut a notch in the matrix-strip each time a space-key is operated. This notch or some equivalent mark is necessary to locate the word-spaces in the matrix-strip with reference to the knives of the justifying device, to be hereinafter described. The gouge 245 is retractedby means of a spring 246.

Justify ing mechmm'sm.The matrix-strip is fed variably through the impression devices until it has been impressed with sufiicient mat ter to form a line. The amount of matter in the line will be indicated by the unit-register scale. To the left of the impression-point the matrix-strip enters a matrix-carriage D. One edge of the strip is carried on a ledge 258 of the carriage and the other edge slides in a groove in a dump-shaft 259, Figs. 8 and 10. The matrix-carriage has a horizontal slide 260,

In order to indicate Figs. 9 and 12, to the right-hand end of which is connected a vertical guideway 261, in which is located a knife 262 for cutting off the unused portion of the matrix-strip immediately in the rear of the last impression. A spring 263 connects the slide 260 with the matrixcarriage and normally tends to throw the slide to its right-hand position. The movement of the slide on the carriage is limited by a pin 264, which passes through a slot in the slide 260, Figs. 9 and 12. Before commencing a new line of matrix the carriageD is returned to its normal or right-hand position, which is shown in Fig. 12, by the gear 265 on shaft 243, which shaft is operated by the vertical rack 159, which also operates the matrix-material ejector, Figs. 2, 8, and 9. The carriage is held in its normal or right-hand position by means of a retaining-pawl 266, and it is constantly impelled toward the left by means of a cord 267 and weight 268. The knife 262 carries at its lower end a roll 269, which runs in a groove 270 in a bracket 32. When the starting-key is touched, the retaining-pawl 266 is raised, as will be hereinafter explained, and the carriage moves to the left. During the first movement of the carriage the knife 262 remains stationary in the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 9, the spring 263 holding it in said position. VVhen the pin 264 has traveled to the end of the slot in the knife-slide 260, the knife begins to travel along with the carriage and the strip, and during the first movement of the knife-roll 269 in the groove 270 the roll travels up an incline 271 in the groove and drives the knife partly through the strip. The parts are so proportioned that the knife enters the strip a short distance in the rear of the last impression. The strip is only partially severed by this initial movement of the knife, and the parts travel together to the left until roll 269 encounters a second incline 272 in the groove, which causes the knife to completely sever the strip. During this operation the strip is clamped in the carriage by a clamping-finger 273, Figs. 8 and 10, which is carried by a slide or plunger 274, a spring 275 normally drawing the clamp down. While the strip is so clamped in the carriage, the latter is drawn to the left by its weight until the forward end of the strip engages a head 276 on a measuring-rack 277 and carries said rack to the left a distance which is proportional to the difference between the length of the unjustified matrix-strip and a justified line. The matrixcarriage always moves a uniform distance, and it will therefore be evident that the measuring-rack 277 will be moved in accordance with the surplus length in the unjustified matrix-strip.

The measuring-rack 277 is connected with a second measuring-rack 278 by means of pinion 279, shaft 280, and pinion 281. Back 278 has a cross-head 282, adapted to engage any LOO , freedom to slide in a carrier 301.

one of a series ofinterponent links 283,which it being now inorder to describe the devices are connected to the upper. ends of a corresponding series of justifying-levers 284E, Figsr2-and 11. The interponent links 283 are normally held in a plane belowthe crosshead 282 by springs 285. The levers 284Lhave their fulcrum-points differently located,- so that a given movement oftheir upper ends would impart difiierent movements to their lower ends. The object of these levers is to divide the surplusage of length in the unjustified matrix-strip by the number of wordspaces in the strip to determine the amount to be removed at each word-space to justify the strip. One of the levers,therefore,has its fulcrumat its middle point for a line having one word-space, no division being required for such a line. Another lever has its fulcrum at one-third of its length from the lower end, which divides the surplusage of the line by two'for aline having two word-spaces, &c. The proper justifying-lever is brought into action by raising its connected interponent link 283. Beneath the several links are pins 287, Figs. 2 and 8, and beneath the pins is a slide 288, having rack-teeth in mesh with a pinion 289 on a short shaft 290,which is turned by the word-counting rack 218, Figs. 8, 11, and 12. The slide or rack 288.carries a spring having a cam projection 291,which raises the pins successively as the rack moves to the rear, and at the end of each line of impressions it stands under the pin corresponding to the number of word-spaces in the line, bringing the interponent link above said pin into the path of the crosshead 282. When the linekey is operated, the selected justifying-lever is rocked and its lower end moves a slide 292, Figs. 2 and 5. The said slide rocks a hori Zontal lever 293, which in turn rocks a vertical lever 2945, Figs. 5 and 15, the upper end of which is connected by a link 295 to a slide 296, carrying on its left enda head or carrier 297, in which is mounted the .movable justifyingknife. The knife-carrier 297 is provided with a guide-pin 298, sliding in an opening in the bracket. It will be evident that the movement of-the knife-carrier 297 will be in proportion to the movement of the lower end of the operative justifying-lever.

Justilication in this machine is accomplished by removing sections of the matrix-strip between the words, and this is accomplishedby means of two knives 299 and 300,'Figs. 14, 15, and 19.- The --knife 299 is mounted with freedom'to slide in the adjustable carrier 297, and it will hereinafter be called the adjustable-knife. ,The knife 300 is mounted with IVleans are provided for moving the knife 300 on its car rier. being connected to the knife 300 bya pin 302, which slides in an opening at the base'of knife 299, Fig. 1 1. The means for operating the justifying-knives will be described hereinafter,

The knife 299 is simultaneously moved,

for feeding the matrix-strip to the knives.

The starting key 303, Fig. 8,'is connected to a lever 304:, the'rear'end of which stands under a pin 305, projecting from a vertical slide 306. The upper end of the slide carries a bar 307 having a T-shapedhead 308, Figs. 8 and 9. Adjacent to the head 308 is a shoulder 309 in the bracket, which is engaged by the pawl .266 tolocate thematriX-carriagein its righthand position, -Fig. -9. -VVhen the starting: key is depressed, the pawl 266 is'raised and the carriage released. Before the matrix-carriage is released and While the -matriX-strip is passing into the carriage the clamp 27 3 is held in an elevated position by means of the engagement of its plunger 27a with a pinion on a shaft 310, which shaft is prevented from turning by engagement of an arm 311 with the vertical arm of an elbow-lever 312, Figs. 8, 10 and 12. lVhen the starting-key is operated, the rod. 307 strikes the horizontal arm of lever 312 and releases shaft 310, permitting spring 275 to draw the clamp 273 onto the strip. This takes place immediately before the matrix-carriage is released. The shaft 3l0'is rocked back and the clamp raised at the proper time by means of a cam 313 on lineshaft L, said cam operating through roll 314,- lever 315, and-link 316. The link 316 has a projection-317, which engages an arm 318 on shaft 310. The link 316 is also connected to an arm 319 on the dump-shaft 259,'and as it raises the clamp 273 it simultaneously rocks the dump-shaft and discharges the matrixstrip down an incline into a channel 320, Figs.

8, 10, and 17. l I

By mechanism heretofore described the un.

justified strip has been measured and the jus' tifying-knife set in proper positionto cut section'sfrom the stripto justify it. The carrier for the justifying-knife is held in its'adjuste'd position during the justification of a line. When the line-key is operated to start the justifying mechanism for a newline, the carrier is released and readjusted and immediately reclamped in its new position, these operations taking place before the matrix strip is presented to the knives. This clamping of the adjustable knife-carrier is accom plished as follows: The lower end of-the l'ever 29a, Figs. 8 and 15, is located between the fixed block 321 and the clamping-lever 322.

Lever 322 has an arm 323, which is normally drawn down by a pivoted hook 324., attached to a cam-lever 325, said lever being drawn against its cam 326 on the line-shaft by a spring'327. Connected to the lower end of plunger 306 is an elbow-lever 328, to which is .pivotally connecteda finger 329, supported on a spring 330,-Fig. 8, .VVhen'the starting-key 303 is depressed, slide 306 raises the finger 32 9 and throws the hook see off of clam-pinglever 322, releasing the lever 294 andthe'ad justalole knife-carrier. The line-shaft is si' 

